The South Carolina Tariff Convention, called by the State legislature passes the Ordinance of Nullification declaring the (protective) Tariff Act of 1832 “null and void” in the State of South Carolina:

       When the rights reserved to the several [S]tates by the Constitution are deliberately violated, it is the right and duty of those [S]tates to intervene so as to stop the progress of the evil, oppose the usurpation, and maintain within their respective limits the powers and privileges that belong to them as independent sovereigns.  If the [S]tates did not possess this right, in vain would they pretend to be sovereign.  South Carolina recognizes no tribunal on earth that stands above her.  It is true that she, along with other sovereign states, has entered into a solemn contract of union, but she claims and will exercise the right to explain what that means in her eyes, and when that contract is violated by her partners and by the government they have created, she will use the unquestionable right to judge the extent of the infraction and what measures are to be taken to obtain justice.

       [restored 1/7/2022] Thanks to Jim Lorenz for this entry.