The Hamburg (South Carolina) Massacre: Four days after two farmers, of European descent, passed their wagon through a company of the State Militia (citizen-volunteers) composed entirely of freedmen, hundreds of armed United States subject-citizens, also of European descent, pin down some 25 Militiamen, and 15 other freedmen, in a building.  One from each side is killed in the gun battle.  When the Militiamen try to escape during the night, one is shot dead, all are captured, and four are lynched (executed without due process).  Afterward the town of Hamburg is looted.

       Postscript: The massacre ended the alliance between “Co-cooperationist” (constitutionalists) Democrats, who had been working with Republican (nationalist) Governor Daniel H. Chamberlain.  Support galvanized around the uncompromising “Straight-Out” (racist) Democrats who three months later, gained undivided control of the Independent Republic of South Carolina for the next century.  The election victory of the SO Democrats probably discouraged the Republicans in Congress from continuing Radical/Congressional Reconstruction.

       [added 11/7/2020]