The Electorate of New York ratifies its Constitution of 1846, Article I, Section 8 of which states, “… in all indictments for libel, the [J]ury shall have the right to determine the law and the facts.”

       [added 1/4/2025]

Subsequent Events:

Authority:

Magna Carta, Ch. 39
ccc-2point0.com/magna-carta-excerpts

New York Constitution of 1821, Article VIII
en.wikisource.org/wiki/New_York_Constitution_of_1821

Articles VI and VII of Amendment
ccc-2point0.com/constitution-for-the-united-states

References:

“Articles,” FIJActivist, Winter/Spring 1999, 33.

New York Constitution of 1846, Article I, Section 8
en.wikisource.org/wiki/New_York_Constitution_of_1846/Article_1

The Green Papers: State and Local Government: Constitutions of the Several states
www.thegreenpapers.com/slg/constitution.phtml

Current U.s. National Debt:

$36,215,701,317,831

Source