The battle of Tours/Poitiers: King Charles “the Hammer” Martel, of the Franks, commanding the Catholic armies of the Franks, Burgundians and Lombards, as well as pagan mercenaries from the Rhine Valley, defeats defeats the Sunni (legacy of Mohammed) Moslem Army of the Umayyad Caliphate, commanded by Emir Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd Allah al-Ghafiqi, of Spain, halting the further advance of Islam into Europe.
NOTE: Had the Saracens been victorious, they might have overrun all of Europe, and extinguishing of the flame of liberty that was beginning to catch hold in England.
[updated 9/7/2024]
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References:
Winston Churchill, A History of the English-Speaking Peoples, four volumes. (London: Cassell, 1956-58), 1:90.
Donald Kagan, Steven Ozment and Frank M. Turner, The Western Heritage, Volume I: to 1715, fourth edition. (1979; New York and Toronto: Macmillan, 1991), 715, 725-26.
David Wallechinsky and Irving Wallace, eds., The People’s Almanac, (Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1975), 616-17.
Battle of Tours – Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Tours
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