The supreme court, of the corporate United states, hands down Smith v. Texas: by reason of the fraudulent 14th amendment residents of African descent may not be excluded from serving on Grand Juries.  “It is part of the established tradition in the use of juries as instruments of public justice that the jury be a body truly representative of the community.”

       NOTE: In rendering this decision the court ignore article I, section 3 of the texas constitution of 1876.

       [added 7/24/2022] Thanks to Freedoms Phoenix for this entry.