The supreme court of appeals of the commonwealth of virginia decides Thompson v. Smith : while using the public road with one’s own property, there is no authority to regulate. 

       The right of a citizen to travel upon the public highways and to transport his property thereon in the ordinary course of life and business is a common right which he has under his right to enjoy life and liberty, to acquire and possess property, and to pursue happiness and safety.  It includes the right in so doing to use the ordinary and usual conveyances of the day; and under the existing modes of travel includes the right to drive a horse-drawn carriage or wagon thereon, or to operate an automobile thereon, for the usual and ordinary purposes of life and business.  It is not a mere privilege … which a city may permit or prohibit at will.

       [added 7/1/2022] Thanks to Roland Cabiles for this entry.