The Kingdom of the Netherlands—without a civil war—abolishes slavery in its Caribbean colonies.
[added 4/9/2022]
The Battle of Gettysburg begins: Brigadier General J. Johnston Pettigrew, commanding his Confederate (a voluntary union) brigade, on an expedition to obtain shoes for some of his barefoot soldiers, captures the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. But Pettigrew is prevented from taking a strategic position, with the arrival of compulsory Union Iron Brigade, commanded by Brigade Solomon Meredith.
[restored 4/9/2022]
Subsequent Events:
References:
“Today in History,” Orange County (California) Register, 1 July 2009, News:3.
Calvin D. Linton, ed. The Bicentennial Almanac: 200 Years of America, 1776-1976, (Nashville, Tennessee: Thomas Nelson, 1975), 177.
Why the Republican Party Elected Lincoln by Thomas J. DiLorenzo
www.lewrockwell.com/dilorenzo/dilorenzo53.html
Slavery abolished in Suriname and Netherlands Antilles___ July 1 in History.mht
www.brainyhistory.com/events/1863/july_1_1863_55376.html
CHRONOLOGY: Who banned slavery when? | Reuters
www.reuters.com/article/idUSEIC16869120070321
Solomon Meredith – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon_Meredith
American Civil War, 1863
www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAcivilwar4.htm
Current U.s. National Debt:
