Former Judge William Howard Taft, of the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals, assumes his post as the first civilian Governor-General of the Philippines.  This begins the U.s.’ second attempt at nation building.

       NOTE: While “nation-building is a laudable goal, Article IV, Section 4 of the Constitution for the united States says that “The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government”; it does NOT state that “The United States shall guarantee to every nation on this planet a Republican Form of Government” [emphasis added].

       [added 3/30/2025]

Subsequent Events:

11/18/1903                 7/4/1946

References:

Doug Bandow, “Nation-Building’s Grim Record,” Orange County (California) Register, 25 April 2003, Local:7.

PolicyBrief#24 – Policybrief24.pdf
carnegieendowment.org/files/Policybrief24.pdf

Current U.s. National Debt:

$36,214,426,211,363

Source