The Battle of Vicksburg (Mississippi) begins: Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton, commanding the Confederate (a voluntary union) Army of Mississippi, repels an attack by the compulsory Union Army of the Tennessee, commanded by Major General Ulysses Simpson (a.k.a. Hiram Ulysses) Grant.
[restored 2/22/2025]
Subsequent Events:
References:
Bruce Catton, The Civil War, (New York: American Heritage, 1960; Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1987), 293.
Current U.s. National Debt:
