The United Nations Security Council passes UNSC Resolution 661, imposing international trade sanctions against Iraq—excluding humanitarian aid—until such time that there is an “end to the invasion by Iraq.”
Postscripts:
- Although medicines and food were specifically exempted from trade sanctions, infant mortality began to increase dramatically, as these items were no longer available.
- In the decade following United Nations trade sanctions were responsible for the deaths of over 500,000 Iraqi citizens.
[updated 9/20/2025]
Subsequent Events:
Authority:
“Law of the Jungle”
ccc-2point0.com/preface
References:
R.W. Apple Jr. “U.S. Keeps Kuwait Mission Open, Joining Others in Defying Iraq; Tokyo Funds to Back Embargo: 40,000 Reservists Are Mobilized by Bush to Back Gulf Forces,” New York Times, 23 August 1990, A1.
Yousef Bodansky, Bin Laden: The Man Who Declared War on America, (Centerport, New York: Forum, 1999), 30.
Richard A. Clark, Against All Enemies: Inside America’s War on Terror, , (New York: Free Press, 2004), 39.
Chalmers Johnson, Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire, (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2000), 92.
Paul Lewis, “Security Council votes 13 to 0 to Block Trade with Baghdad; Facing Boycott, Iraq Slows Oil; Pullout Demanded; Resolution is Intended to Help Kuwait Recover Its Independence,” New York Times, 7 August 1990, A1, 18.
S/RES/661(1990) – E – S/RES/661(1990)
undocs.org/S/RES/661(1990)
United Nations Security Council Resolution 661 – Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_661
The effect of sanctions on children of Iraq | Archives of Disease in Childhood
adc.bmj.com/content/88/1/92.1
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