Prime Minister Edouard Daladier, of the Republic of France; Adolf Hitler, dictator of Germany; Prime Minister Benito Mussolini, of the Kingdom of Italy; and Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, of the United Kingdom, sign the Munich Agreement, conceding the coerced annexation of the ethnically German Sudetenland, a ring of mountains that served as a natural defense barrier for the western boundary of Czechoslovakia, in exchange for Hitler’s pledge that he will make no further territorial demands on Germany’s neighbors.  The government of Czechoslovakia was not allowed to take any part in these negotiations.

       [restored 7/22/2022] Thanks to Bill Holmes for this entry.