Republican (nationalist) President Abraham Lincoln, of the united States—without a constitutional amendment—signs the National Bank Act of 1863:

  • Establishing the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, which will issue federal charters to banks that invest one-third of their capital in federal debt obligations, which in turn can be used as collateral to issue irredeemable banknotes
  • As federally chartered banks they are exempt from State regulation.

       NOTEThe word “bank” does not appear in the Constitution for the united States.    

       [updated 2/22/2025] Thanks to Freedom’s Phoenix for this entry.

Subsequent Events:

3/3/1863                   10/10/1863                  4/22/1864                    7/30/1864                  3/3/1865

2/12/1873                 1/24/1881                    5/1/1911

Authority:

“Law of the Jungle”
ccc-2point0.com/preface

References:

First Legal Tender Act, 12 Public Statutes at Large 345 (1862).

Calvin D. Linton, ed. The Bicentennial Almanac: 200 Years of America, 1776-1976, (Nashville, Tennessee: Thomas Nelson, 1975), 175.

Ron Paul swoons “Gimme’ Gimme’ Three Steps to SOUND MONEY” before CONgress!!
www.freedomsphoenix.com/Find-Freedom.htm?At=0082960&From=News

The Hard Truth of Hard Money
www.thenewamerican.com/index.php/history/american/516

The Federal Reserve and you
endthefednc.wordpress.com/

U.S. Banking Timeline
www.libertyforlife.com/banking/currency-us-timeline.html

Current U.s. National Debt:

$36,213,771,222,289

Source