At the reconvening of the Democratic (constitutionalist) 36th Constitutional Congress, Democratic President Buchanan condemns secession as unlawful, but admits he has no power to stop it.

       [restored 1/10/2025]

Subsequent Events:

12/8/1860                  12/20/1860

Authority:

References:

Bruce Catton, The Civil War, (New York: American Heritage, 1960; Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1987), 282.

Current U.s. National Debt:

$36,214,749,867,321

Source