The Second Opium War ends: James Bruce, Earl of Elgin, and Prince Aisin Gioro Yixin sign the Treaty if Peking (Beijing) agreeing to:
- Allow the United Kingdom, the Empire of France, the Empire of Russia and the united States to establish consular offices in the formerly closed city of Peking;
- Allow foreign nationals to travel into the interior of China;
- Open ten more Chinese ports to foreign trade;
- China will pay an indemnity of 200 metric tons of silver to the U.K. and 100 metric tons of silver to France;
- Legalize the Opium trade in China;
- Kowloon Peninsula and Stonecutters Island will be ceded to the U.K. at part of its colony of Hong Kong;
- Outer Manchuria will be ceded to Russia; and
- Permit proselytization by Christian missionaries.
[restored 10/3/2026]
Subsequent Events:
References:
Second Opium War – Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Opium_War
Current U.s. National Debt:
