At the reconvening of the Democratic (constitutionalist) 24th Constitutional Congress (elected in accordance with Article I, Section 3 [Clause 1]), Democratic President Jackson proclaims his understanding of the Constitution’s clear, literal requirements for lawful Money:

       It is apparent from the whole context of the Constitution as well as the history of the times which gave birth to it, that it was the purpose of the Convention to establish a currency consisting of the precious metals.  These were adopted by a per- exchange, such as of certain agricultural commodities recognized by the statutes of some States as tender for debts, or the still more pernicious expedient of paper currency.

       [added 2/15/2021]