The Supreme Court, of the federal United States, hands down Marbury v. Madison, usurping the power to put an absolute, irrevocable veto on actions of the two political branches: “[T]he United States [is] a government of laws, not men. [A]n act of the legislature, which is repugnant to the Constitution is void.”

       NOTE: The power of judicial review, as it is described in “Federalist #78,” only applies when appellate courts have determined that lower courts have violated the rules of Due Process.  The legacy of this decision has resulted in the Courts “legislating from the bench,” as in Roe v. Wade; or introducing extra-constitutional doctrines such as “one-man, one-vote” as in Baker v. Carr.  The lawful power to veto the actions of the two political branches properly belongs to WE THE PEOPLE through Jury Nullification (The act of a fully informed Jury, empowered through self-knowledge, to judge the decrees and the evidence in question).

       [updated 12/10/2021]

       One of the reasons we ended up where we are today is because of this infamous decision: Justice John Marshall gave the federal judiciary the power to rule on the constitutionality of both statutory law, the behavior of the executive branch, and Congressional actions. —- JL